Lan, Hao-YuHao-YuLanYang, Shao-HengShao-HengYangKantre Karim AlexandrosCott, DaireDaireCottTripathi, RahulRahulTripathiAppenzeller, JoergJoergAppenzellerChen, ZhihongZhihongChen2025-02-022025-02-0220252397-7132WOS:001404843400001https://imec-publications.be/handle/20.500.12860/45153The successful integration of ultrathin high-κ insulators is essential for the advancement of ultra-scaled field-effect transistors (FETs) based on two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors in future technology nodes. However, defects within the high-κ stack or at the interfaces can significantly degrade the performance of these “interface-only” devices, raising questions regarding their long-term reliability. Here, we study the reliability of monolayer MoS2 FETs on ultra-thin high-κ HfO2. Interestingly, we observe a two-stage threshold voltage shift (ΔVTH) under positive bias temperature stress (PBTS) and hot carrier degradation (HCD). This two-stage ΔVTH is absent in devices fabricated on exfoliated hBN, suggesting that the donor state generation (negative ΔVTH) is induced by atomic-layer-deposition (ALD) processes in HfO2-based devices. Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis (ERDA) indicates that hydrogen, likely from the ALD precursor, is a probable cause, highlighting the need for ALD process refinement to improve 2D FET stability for CMOS compatibility.Journal article10.1038/s41699-025-00527-7WOS:001404843400001COMPACT-PHYSICS FRAMEWORK2-DIMENSIONAL MATERIALSINSTABILITYHYSTERESISDEPENDENCETIME