An encoding framework for binarized images using hyperdimensional computing

Abstract

Introduction Hyperdimensional Computing (HDC) is a brain-inspired and lightweight machine learning method. It has received significant attention in the literature as a candidate to be applied in the wearable Internet of Things, near-sensor artificial intelligence applications, and on-device processing. HDC is computationally less complex than traditional deep learning algorithms and typically achieves moderate to good classification performance. A key aspect that determines the performance of HDC is encoding the input data to the hyperdimensional (HD) space.Methods This article proposes a novel lightweight approach relying only on native HD arithmetic vector operations to encode binarized images that preserves the similarity of patterns at nearby locations by using point of interest selection and local linear mapping.Results The method reaches an accuracy of 97.92% on the test set for the MNIST data set and 84.62% for the Fashion-MNIST data set.Discussion These results outperform other studies using native HDC with different encoding approaches and are on par with more complex hybrid HDC models and lightweight binarized neural networks. The proposed encoding approach also demonstrates higher robustness to noise and blur compared to the baseline encoding.