Publication:

In Situ Assessment of Uplink Duty Cycles for 4G and 5G Wireless Communications

Date

2024
Journal article
https://doi.org/10.3390/s24103012
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dc.contributor.authorVermeeren, Gunter
dc.contributor.authorVerloock, Leen
dc.contributor.authorAerts, Sam
dc.contributor.authorMartens, Luc
dc.contributor.authorJoseph, Wout
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-15T16:13:19Z
dc.date.available2026-01-15T16:13:19Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstractIn this presented study, we measured in situ the uplink duty cycles of a smartphone for 5G NR and 4G LTE for a total of six use cases covering voice, video, and data applications. The duty cycles were assessed at ten positions near a 4G and 5G base-station site in Belgium. For Twitch, VoLTE, and WhatsApp, the duty cycles ranged between 4% and 22% in time, both for 4G and 5G. For 5G NR, these duty cycles resulted in a higher UL-allotted time due to time division duplexing at the 3.7 GHz frequency band. Ping showed median duty cycles of 2% for 5G NR and 50% for 4G LTE. FTP upload and iPerf resulted in duty cycles close to 100%.
dc.identifier10.3390/s24103012
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/s24103012
dc.identifier.issn1424-8220
dc.identifier.urihttps://imec-publications.be/handle/20.500.12860/58656
dc.language.isoen
dc.provenance.editstepusergreet.vanhoof@imec.be
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relation.ispartofSENSORS
dc.relation.ispartofseriesSENSORS
dc.source.beginpage3012
dc.source.issue10
dc.source.journalSensors
dc.source.numberofpages17
dc.source.volume24
dc.subjectOUTPUT POWER LEVELS
dc.subjectUSER EQUIPMENT
dc.subjectEXPOSURE
dc.subjectDISTRIBUTIONS
dc.subject5G NR
dc.subjectEMF exposure
dc.subjectduty cycle
dc.subjectuplink
dc.subjectsmartphone
dc.subjectScience & Technology
dc.subjectPhysical Sciences
dc.subjectTechnology
dc.title

In Situ Assessment of Uplink Duty Cycles for 4G and 5G Wireless Communications

dc.typeJournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.editionWOS.SCI
oaire.citation.issue10
oaire.citation.volume24
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person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-7444-4312
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-8807-0673
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person.identifier.ridG-4817-2013
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